Journal of Entrepreneurial Strategies in Agriculture

fa بررسی اثرگذاری و رتبه‌‌بندی موانع بهره‌‌وری استان مازندران Investigating the Impact and Ranking of Productivity Barriers in Mazandaran Province تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;">مقدمه و هدف: رشد اقتصادی، هرچند تنها معیار توسعه اقتصادی نمی‌‌باشد، ولی اهمیت آن همواره بیش از سایر شاخص‌‌های توسعه بوده است. افزایش تولید، بیان دیگری از رشد اقتصادی است. امروزه، بهره‌‌وری به‌‌عنوان یکی از عوامل تأثیرگذار بر شرایط اقتصادی کشورها مطرح است. چرا که بهبود بهره‌‌وری ضمن افزایش تولید ناخالص داخلی و رقابت پذیری کشورها موجبات افزایش رفاه عمومی را نیز فراهم می‌‌کند. هدف از انجام این پژوهش، بررسی اثرگذاری و رتبه‌‌بندی موانع بهره‌‌وری در زیربخش‌‌های کشاورزی و صنعت در استان مازندران میباشد. مواد و روش‌‌ها:  به&lrm;منظور بررسی موانع و آسیب‌‌های اثرگذار بر بهره‌‌وری در استان مازندران، 65 پرسشنامه توسط خبرگان و مدیران عالی رتبه دستگاه‌‌های اجرایی استان مازندران در تابستان 1401 تکمیل گردید. به منظور برآورد نتایج، از روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی و نرم افزار Expert Choice و جهت بررسی اثر هرکدام از معیارها و زیرمعیارهای مربوطه بر سایر موانع از معادلات ساختاری و نرم افزار Smart PLS استفاده شد. یافته‌‌ها: وزن نرمالشده به دست آمده از نتایج تحلیل سلسله مراتبی برای معیارهای موانع محیطی، موانع سازمانی و موانع فردی به&lrm;ترتیب، 1/00، 0/966 و 0/983 می‌‌باشد که بیشترین وزن مربوط به معیار موانع محیطی و کمترین وزن مربوط موانع سازمانی است. نتایج به دست آمده از تحلیل عاملی نشان داد که فرضیه موانع محیطی بر موانع فردی مؤثر است و فرضیه موانع سازمانی بر موانع محیطی تأثیر دارد، معنی‌‌دار است. نتیجه‌‌گیری: نتایج تحلیل سلسله مراتبی نشان داد که پایین‌‌بودن مهارت‌‌های رهبری مدیران از زیرمعیارهای موانع فردی، فقدان سیستم مناسب ارزیابی عملکرد از زیرمعیارهای موانع سازمانی و اطلاعات ناقص عملکرد از زیرمعیارهای موانع محیطی، بالاترین اهمیت را در میان سایر زیرمعیارها دارند و از مهم‌‌ترین موانع و آسیب‌‌های اثرگذار بر بهره‌‌وری در استان مازندران می‌‌باشد. به&lrm;طور کلی، بر طبق نتایج بهدستآمده موانع محیطی از میان سه معیار مطرحشده، بالاترین اهمیت را از دیدگاه مقامات عالی‌‌رتبه سازمان‌‌های استان مازندران دارد؛ همین‌طور، براساس نتایج معادلات ساختاری، موانع محیطی بر موانع فردی و موانع سازمانی بر موانع محیطی مؤثر می‌‌باشد.  </div> <h1 style="text-indent: -0.5pt; text-align: justify;">Extended Abstract  </h1> <div style="text-align: justify;">Background: Economic growth, while not the sole criterion for economic development, has consistently been regarded as a critical indicator of progress. Its significance often surpasses that of other development indicators. One of the primary manifestations of economic growth is the increase in production levels. In today’s world, productivity is recognized as a key factor influencing the economic conditions of nations. Enhancing productivity not only contributes to an increase in gross domestic product (GDP) but also bolsters the competitiveness of countries, ultimately leading to improved public welfare. This study aims to examine the effectiveness and ranking of productivity barriers within the agricultural and industrial sub-sectors in Mazandaran Province. Understanding the dynamics of productivity is essential for fostering economic development, particularly in regions like Mazandaran, where agriculture plays a vital role. The agricultural sector not only provides food security but also supports livelihoods and contributes to the overall economy. Similarly, the industrial sub-sector is crucial for economic diversification and job creation. Therefore, identifying and addressing the barriers to productivity in these sectors is imperative for enhancing economic performance and ensuring sustainable development. Methods: To investigate the obstacles and challenges affecting productivity in Mazandaran Province, a survey was conducted during the summer of 2022, resulting in the completion of 65 questionnaires by experts and senior managers from various executive bodies in the province. The questionnaires were designed to gather insights on the perceived barriers to productivity within the agricultural and industrial sectors. To analyze the data and estimate the results, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed, utilizing Expert Choice software. This method allowed for the systematic ranking of various productivity barriers based on expert opinions. Furthermore, to examine the interrelationships among the relevant criteria and sub-criteria, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied using Smart PLS software. This dual approach enabled a comprehensive understanding of how different barriers interact and influence each other, providing valuable insights into the complex landscape of productivity challenges. Results: The analysis yielded normalized weights for the identified criteria, specifically environmental barriers, organizational barriers, and individual barriers. The weights were calculated as follows: environmental barriers received a weight of 1.00, organizational barriers were assigned a weight of 0.966, and individual barriers were given a weight of 0.983. These results indicate that environmental barriers are perceived as the most significant obstacles to productivity, while organizational barriers were viewed as the least impactful. Additionally, factor analysis revealed meaningful relationships among the barriers. Specifically, the hypothesis that environmental barriers influence individual barriers was supported, as was the hypothesis that organizational barriers affect environmental barriers. This suggests a complex interplay between different types of barriers, indicating that addressing one category may have cascading effects on others. The findings from the Analytic Hierarchy Process highlighted specific sub-criteria that emerged as particularly impactful. Among the individual barriers, the low leadership skills of managers were identified as a critical issue. This underscores the importance of effective leadership in driving productivity improvements. In terms of organizational barriers, the lack of a robust performance evaluation system was noted as a significant challenge. Such a system is essential for assessing productivity levels and identifying areas for improvement. Lastly, from the perspective of environmental barriers, the presence of incomplete performance information was highlighted as a major obstacle. Access to accurate and comprehensive data is crucial for informed decision-making and strategic planning. Conclusion: The results of this study underscore the multifaceted nature of productivity barriers in Mazandaran Province. The Analytic Hierarchy Process indicated that low leadership skills among managers, the absence of an effective performance evaluation system, and incomplete performance information are the most pressing issues affecting productivity. These findings suggest that targeted interventions are necessary to enhance leadership capabilities, establish comprehensive performance evaluation frameworks, and improve access to performance data. Overall, the study reveals that environmental barriers hold the highest importance according to the perspectives of high-ranking officials in organizations across Mazandaran Province. Furthermore, the results of the Structural Equation Modeling analysis reinforce the notion that environmental barriers significantly influence individual barriers, while organizational barriers also play a role in shaping environmental challenges. Addressing these barriers is essential for promoting productivity and, by extension, economic growth in both the agricultural and industrial sectors. Policymakers and stakeholders should prioritize initiatives that enhance leadership training, develop robust performance evaluation systems, and ensure the availability of accurate performance information. By doing so, Mazandaran Province can improve its productivity levels, thereby contributing to broader economic development goals and enhancing the welfare of its citizens. In conclusion, the findings of this research provide a valuable foundation for future studies aimed at exploring productivity challenges in other regions and sectors. Understanding the intricate relationships between various barriers will be crucial for developing effective strategies to foster productivity and drive economic development in a sustainable manner.</div> استان مازندران, برنامه عملیاتی, تحلیل سلسله مراتبی, موانع سازمانی, معادلات ساختاری Analytic Hierarchy Process, Mazandaran Province, Operational plan, Organizational barriers, Structural equation modelling 73 86 http://jea.sanru.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-413-3&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Farajollah Fathollahpour Kami فرج اله فتح اله پور farajollah_f@yahoo.com 10031947532846004693 10031947532846004693 No Management and Planning Organization of Mazandaran Province, Sari, Iran سازمان مدیریت و برنامه‌‌ریزی استان مازندران، ساری، ایران Foad Eshghi فواد عشقی fesh.foad@gmail.com 10031947532846004694 10031947532846004694 Yes Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، ساری، ایران Soleyman Karimi سلیمان کریمی karimi901@yahoo.com 10031947532846004695 10031947532846004695 No Management and Planning Organization of Mazandaran Province, Sari, Iran سازمان مدیریت و برنامه‌‌ریزی استان مازندران، ساری، ایران